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readest/apps/readest-app/src/utils/txt.ts
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import { partialMD5 } from './md5';
import { getBaseFilename } from './path';
import { detectLanguage } from './lang';
import { configureZip } from './zip';
interface Metadata {
bookTitle: string;
author: string;
language: string;
identifier: string;
}
interface Chapter {
title: string;
content: string;
text: string;
isVolume: boolean;
}
interface Txt2EpubOptions {
file: File;
author?: string;
language?: string;
}
interface ExtractChapterOptions {
linesBetweenSegments: number;
fallbackParagraphsPerChapter: number;
}
interface ConversionResult {
file: File;
bookTitle: string;
chapterCount: number;
language: string;
}
const zipWriteOptions = {
lastAccessDate: new Date(0),
lastModDate: new Date(0),
};
const escapeXml = (str: string) => {
if (!str) return '';
return str
.replace(/&/g, '&')
.replace(/</g, '&lt;')
.replace(/>/g, '&gt;')
.replace(/"/g, '&quot;')
.replace(/'/g, '&apos;');
};
export class TxtToEpubConverter {
public async convert(options: Txt2EpubOptions): Promise<ConversionResult> {
const { file: txtFile, author: providedAuthor, language: providedLanguage } = options;
const fileContent = await txtFile.arrayBuffer();
const detectedEncoding = this.detectEncoding(fileContent) || 'utf-8';
console.log(`Detected encoding: ${detectedEncoding}`);
const decoder = new TextDecoder(detectedEncoding);
const txtContent = decoder.decode(fileContent).trim();
const bookTitle = this.extractBookTitle(getBaseFilename(txtFile.name));
const fileName = `${bookTitle}.epub`;
const fileHeader = txtContent.slice(0, 1024);
const authorMatch =
fileHeader.match(/[【\[]?作者[】\]]?[:\s]\s*(.+)\r?\n/) ||
fileHeader.match(/[【\[]?\s*(.+)\s+著\s*[】\]]?\r?\n/);
let matchedAuthor = authorMatch ? authorMatch[1]!.trim() : providedAuthor || '';
try {
matchedAuthor = matchedAuthor.replace(/^[\p{P}\p{S}]+|[\p{P}\p{S}]+$/gu, '');
} catch {}
const author = matchedAuthor || providedAuthor || '';
const language = providedLanguage || detectLanguage(fileHeader);
console.log(`Detected language: ${language}`);
const identifier = await partialMD5(txtFile);
const metadata = { bookTitle, author, language, identifier };
let chapters: Chapter[] = [];
for (let i = 8; i >= 6; i--) {
chapters = this.extractChapters(txtContent, metadata, {
linesBetweenSegments: i,
fallbackParagraphsPerChapter: 100,
});
if (chapters.length === 0) {
throw new Error('No chapters detected.');
} else if (chapters.length > 1) {
break;
}
}
const blob = await this.createEpub(chapters, metadata);
return {
file: new File([blob], fileName),
bookTitle,
chapterCount: chapters.length,
language,
};
}
private extractChapters(
txtContent: string,
metadata: Metadata,
option: ExtractChapterOptions,
): Chapter[] {
const { language } = metadata;
const { linesBetweenSegments, fallbackParagraphsPerChapter } = option;
const segmentRegex = new RegExp(`(?:\\r?\\n){${linesBetweenSegments},}|-{8,}\r?\n`);
const chapterRegexps: RegExp[] = [];
if (language === 'zh') {
chapterRegexps.push(
new RegExp(
String.raw`(?:^|\n)\s*` +
'(' +
[
String.raw`第[零〇一二三四五六七八九十0-9][零〇一二三四五六七八九十百千万0-9]*(?:[章卷节回讲篇封本册部话])(?:[::、  \(\)0-9]*[^\n-]{0,24})(?!\S)`,
String.raw`(?:楔子|前言|简介|引言|序言|序章|总论|概论|后记)(?:[:  ][^\n-]{0,24})?(?!\S)`,
String.raw`chapter[\s.]*[0-9]+(?:[:.  ]+[^\n-]{0,50})?(?!\S)`,
].join('|') +
')',
'gui',
),
);
chapterRegexps.push(
new RegExp(
String.raw`(?:^|\n)\s*` +
'(' +
[
String.raw`[一二三四五六七八九十][零〇一二三四五六七八九十百千万]?[::、  ][^\n-]{0,24}(?=\n|$)`,
String.raw`[0-9]+[^\n]{0,16}(?=\n|$)`,
].join('|') +
')',
'gu',
),
);
} else {
const chapterKeywords = ['Chapter', 'Part', 'Section', 'Book', 'Volume', 'Act'];
const prefaceKeywords = [
'Prologue',
'Epilogue',
'Introduction',
'Foreword',
'Preface',
'Afterword',
];
const numberPattern = String.raw`(\d+|(?:[IVXLCDM]{2,}|V|X|L|C|D|M)\b)`;
const dotNumberPattern = String.raw`\.\d{1,4}`;
const titlePattern = String.raw`[^\n]{0,50}`;
const normalChapterPattern = chapterKeywords
.map(
(k) =>
String.raw`${k}\s*(?:${numberPattern}|${dotNumberPattern})(?:[:.\-–—]?\s*${titlePattern})?`,
)
.join('|');
const prefacePattern = prefaceKeywords
.map((k) => String.raw`${k}(?:[:.\-–—]?\s*${titlePattern})?`)
.join('|');
const combinedPattern = String.raw`(?:^|\n|\s)(?:${normalChapterPattern}|${prefacePattern})(?=\s|$)`;
chapterRegexps.push(new RegExp(combinedPattern, 'gi'));
}
const formatSegment = (segment: string): string => {
segment = escapeXml(segment);
return segment
.replace(/-{8,}|_{8,}/g, '\n')
.split(/\n+/)
.map((line) => line.trim())
.filter((line) => line)
.join('</p><p>');
};
const joinAroundUndefined = (arr: (string | undefined)[]) =>
arr.reduce<string[]>((acc, curr, i, src) => {
if (
curr === undefined &&
i > 0 &&
i < src.length - 1 &&
src[i - 1] !== undefined &&
src[i + 1] !== undefined
) {
acc[acc.length - 1] += src[i + 1]!;
return acc;
}
if (curr !== undefined && (i === 0 || src[i - 1] !== undefined)) {
acc.push(curr);
}
return acc;
}, []);
const isGoodMatches = (matches: string[], maxLength: number = 100000): boolean => {
const meaningfulParts = matches.filter((part) => part && part.trim().length > 0);
if (meaningfulParts.length <= 1) return false;
const hasLongParts = meaningfulParts.some((part) => part.length > maxLength);
return !hasLongParts;
};
const chapters: Chapter[] = [];
const segments = txtContent.split(segmentRegex);
for (const segment of segments) {
const trimmedSegment = segment.replace(/<!--.*?-->/g, '').trim();
if (!trimmedSegment) continue;
const segmentChapters: Chapter[] = [];
let matches: string[] = [];
for (const chapterRegex of chapterRegexps) {
const tryMatches = trimmedSegment.split(chapterRegex);
if (isGoodMatches(tryMatches)) {
matches = joinAroundUndefined(tryMatches);
break;
}
}
if (matches.length === 0 && fallbackParagraphsPerChapter > 0) {
const paragraphs = trimmedSegment.split(/\n+/);
const totalParagraphs = paragraphs.length;
for (let i = 0; i < totalParagraphs; i += fallbackParagraphsPerChapter) {
const chunks = paragraphs.slice(i, i + fallbackParagraphsPerChapter);
const formattedSegment = formatSegment(chunks.join('\n'));
const title = `${chapters.length + 1}`;
const content = `<h2>${title}</h2><p>${formattedSegment}</p>`;
chapters.push({ title, content, text: chunks.join('\n'), isVolume: false });
}
continue;
}
for (let j = 1; j < matches.length; j += 2) {
const title = matches[j]?.trim() || '';
const content = matches[j + 1]?.trim() || '';
let isVolume = false;
if (language === 'zh') {
isVolume = /第[零〇一二三四五六七八九十百千万0-9]+(卷|本|册|部)/.test(title);
} else {
isVolume = /\b(Part|Volume|Book)\b/i.test(title);
}
const headTitle = isVolume ? `<h1>${title}</h1>` : `<h2>${title}</h2>`;
const formattedSegment = formatSegment(content);
segmentChapters.push({
title: escapeXml(title),
content: `${headTitle}<p>${formattedSegment}</p>`,
text: content,
isVolume: isVolume,
});
}
if (matches[0] && matches[0].trim()) {
const initialContent = matches[0].trim();
const firstLine = initialContent.split('\n')[0]!.trim();
const segmentTitle =
(firstLine.length > 16 ? initialContent.split(/[\n\s\p{P}]/u)[0]!.trim() : firstLine) ||
initialContent.slice(0, 16);
const formattedSegment = formatSegment(initialContent);
segmentChapters.unshift({
title: escapeXml(segmentTitle),
content: `<h3></h3><p>${formattedSegment}</p>`,
text: initialContent,
isVolume: false,
});
}
chapters.push(...segmentChapters);
}
return chapters;
}
private async createEpub(chapters: Chapter[], metadata: Metadata): Promise<Blob> {
await configureZip();
const { BlobWriter, TextReader, ZipWriter } = await import('@zip.js/zip.js');
const { bookTitle, author, language, identifier } = metadata;
const zipWriter = new ZipWriter(new BlobWriter('application/epub+zip'), {
extendedTimestamp: false,
});
await zipWriter.add('mimetype', new TextReader('application/epub+zip'), zipWriteOptions);
// Add META-INF/container.xml
const containerXml = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<container xmlns="urn:oasis:names:tc:opendocument:xmlns:container" version="1.0">
<rootfiles>
<rootfile full-path="content.opf" media-type="application/oebps-package+xml"/>
</rootfiles>
</container>`.trim();
await zipWriter.add('META-INF/container.xml', new TextReader(containerXml), zipWriteOptions);
// Create navigation points for TOC
let isNested = false;
let navPoints = ``;
for (let i = 0; i < chapters.length; i++) {
const id = `chapter${i + 1}`;
const playOrder = i + 1;
if (chapters[i]!.isVolume && isNested) {
navPoints += `</navPoint>\n`;
isNested = !isNested;
}
navPoints +=
`<navPoint id="navPoint-${id}" playOrder="${playOrder}">\n` +
`<navLabel><text>${chapters[i]!.title}</text></navLabel>\n` +
`<content src="./OEBPS/${id}.xhtml" />\n`;
if (chapters[i]!.isVolume && !isNested) {
isNested = !isNested;
} else {
navPoints += `</navPoint>\n`;
}
}
if (isNested) {
navPoints += `</navPoint>`;
}
// Add NCX file (table of contents)
const tocNcx = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ncx xmlns="http://www.daisy.org/z3986/2005/ncx/" version="2005-1">
<head>
<meta name="dtb:uid" content="book-id" />
<meta name="dtb:depth" content="1" />
<meta name="dtb:totalPageCount" content="0" />
<meta name="dtb:maxPageNumber" content="0" />
</head>
<docTitle>
<text>${escapeXml(bookTitle)}</text>
</docTitle>
<docAuthor>
<text>${escapeXml(author)}</text>
</docAuthor>
<navMap>
${navPoints}
</navMap>
</ncx>`.trim();
await zipWriter.add('toc.ncx', new TextReader(tocNcx), zipWriteOptions);
// Create manifest and spine items
const manifest = chapters
.map(
(_, index) => `
<item id="chap${index + 1}" href="OEBPS/chapter${index + 1}.xhtml" media-type="application/xhtml+xml"/>
`,
)
.join('\n')
.trim();
const spine = chapters
.map(
(_, index) => `
<itemref idref="chap${index + 1}"/>`,
)
.join('\n')
.trim();
// Add CSS stylesheet
const css = `
body { line-height: 1.6; font-size: 1em; font-family: 'Arial', sans-serif; text-align: justify; }
p { text-indent: 2em; margin: 0; }
`;
await zipWriter.add('style.css', new TextReader(css), zipWriteOptions);
// Add chapter files
for (let i = 0; i < chapters.length; i++) {
const chapter = chapters[i]!;
const lang = detectLanguage(chapter.text);
const chapterContent = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="${lang}" xml:lang="${lang}">
<head>
<title>${chapter.title}</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../style.css"/>
</head>
<body>${chapter.content}</body>
</html>`.trim();
await zipWriter.add(
`OEBPS/chapter${i + 1}.xhtml`,
new TextReader(chapterContent),
zipWriteOptions,
);
}
const tocManifest = `<item id="ncx" href="toc.ncx" media-type="application/x-dtbncx+xml"/>`;
const styleManifest = `<item id="css" href="style.css" media-type="text/css"/>`;
// Add content.opf file
const contentOpf = `<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<package xmlns="http://www.idpf.org/2007/opf" unique-identifier="book-id" version="2.0">
<metadata xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
<dc:title>${escapeXml(bookTitle)}</dc:title>
<dc:language>${language}</dc:language>
<dc:creator>${escapeXml(author)}</dc:creator>
<dc:identifier id="book-id">${identifier}</dc:identifier>
</metadata>
<manifest>
${manifest}
${tocManifest}
${styleManifest}
</manifest>
<spine toc="ncx">
${spine}
</spine>
</package>`.trim();
await zipWriter.add('content.opf', new TextReader(contentOpf), zipWriteOptions);
return await zipWriter.close();
}
private detectEncoding(buffer: ArrayBuffer): string | undefined {
try {
new TextDecoder('utf-8', { fatal: true }).decode(buffer);
return 'utf-8';
} catch {
const uint8Array = new Uint8Array(buffer);
// Try tolerant UTF-8 detection - check if most of it is valid UTF-8
let validBytes = 0;
let checkedBytes = 0;
const sampleSize = Math.min(uint8Array.length, 10000);
for (let i = 0; i < sampleSize; i++) {
try {
new TextDecoder('utf-8', { fatal: true }).decode(uint8Array.slice(i, i + 100));
validBytes += 100;
checkedBytes += 100;
i += 99;
} catch {
checkedBytes++;
}
}
const validPercentage = (validBytes / checkedBytes) * 100;
console.log(`UTF-8 validity: ${validPercentage.toFixed(2)}%`);
// If more than 80% is valid UTF-8, consider it UTF-8 with some corruption
if (validPercentage > 80) {
console.log('Treating as UTF-8 despite some invalid sequences');
return 'utf-8';
}
// If UTF-8 decoding fails, try to detect other encodings
}
const headerBytes = new Uint8Array(buffer.slice(0, 4));
if (headerBytes[0] === 0xff && headerBytes[1] === 0xfe) {
return 'utf-16le';
}
if (headerBytes[0] === 0xfe && headerBytes[1] === 0xff) {
return 'utf-16be';
}
if (headerBytes[0] === 0xef && headerBytes[1] === 0xbb && headerBytes[2] === 0xbf) {
return 'utf-8';
}
// Analyze a sample of the content to guess between common East Asian encodings
// If the content has a high ratio of bytes in the 0x80-0xFF range, it's likely GBK/GB18030
const sample = new Uint8Array(buffer.slice(0, Math.min(1024, buffer.byteLength)));
let highByteCount = 0;
for (let i = 0; i < sample.length; i++) {
if (sample[i]! >= 0x80) {
highByteCount++;
}
}
const highByteRatio = highByteCount / sample.length;
if (highByteRatio > 0.3) {
return 'gbk';
}
if (highByteRatio > 0.1) {
let sjisPattern = false;
for (let i = 0; i < sample.length - 1; i++) {
const b1 = sample[i]!;
const b2 = sample[i + 1]!;
if (
((b1 >= 0x81 && b1 <= 0x9f) || (b1 >= 0xe0 && b1 <= 0xfc)) &&
((b2 >= 0x40 && b2 <= 0x7e) || (b2 >= 0x80 && b2 <= 0xfc))
) {
sjisPattern = true;
break;
}
}
if (sjisPattern) {
return 'shift-jis';
}
return 'gb18030';
}
return 'utf-8';
}
private extractBookTitle(filename: string): string {
const match = filename.match(/《([^》]+)》/);
return match ? match[1]! : filename.split('.')[0]!;
}
}